Corneal Flash Burns: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What are the symptoms of corneal flash burns?

Corneal flash burns, also known as ultraviolet keratitis or photokeratitis, occur due to overexposure of the eyes to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, often from the sun or from artificial sources like welding torches or tanning lamps. The symptoms of corneal flash burns typically appear several hours after exposure and can include:

1. Eye pain: The eyes may feel painful or gritty, as if there is something in them.
2. Redness: The whites of the eyes may appear red or bloodshot.
3. Tearing: The eyes may water excessively.
4. Blurred vision: Vision may be blurry or hazy.
5. Sensitivity to light (photophobia): Bright lights may cause discomfort or pain.
6. Foreign body sensation: It may feel like there is something in the eye, such as sand or grit.
7. Swelling of the eyelids: The eyelids may appear swollen or puffy.

These symptoms are similar to those of other eye conditions, so it’s important to see an eye care professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment if you experience any of these symptoms after UV exposure.

What are the causes of corneal flash burns?

Corneal flash burns, also known as ultraviolet (UV) keratitis, are caused by overexposure of the cornea to UV radiation. This exposure can come from various sources, including:

1. Sunlight: Direct exposure to sunlight, especially during activities like skiing, snowboarding, or sunbathing at high altitudes where UV radiation is stronger, can cause corneal flash burns.
2. Welding arcs: Welders are at risk of corneal flash burns due to the intense UV radiation produced by welding arcs.
3. Tanning beds: Some tanning beds emit UV radiation that can cause corneal damage if proper eye protection is not worn.
4. Halogen or quartz lamps: Certain industrial lamps used in manufacturing or medical settings can emit UV radiation that may cause corneal burns if proper eye protection is not used.
5. Reflected sunlight: Surfaces like water, sand, or snow can reflect UV radiation, increasing the risk of corneal damage, especially in areas with high UV levels.
6. Improper use of UV lamps: In some cases, corneal flash burns can occur due to the improper use of UV lamps for cosmetic purposes or in medical procedures.

It’s important to protect your eyes from UV radiation by wearing sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays, using proper eye protection when working with UV-emitting sources, and avoiding direct sunlight during peak UV hours.

What is the treatment for corneal flash burns?

The treatment for corneal flash burns, also known as ultraviolet (UV) keratitis, focuses on relieving symptoms and promoting healing. Some common treatment approaches include:

1. Artificial tears: Lubricating eye drops can help soothe the eyes and reduce dryness and irritation.
2. Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate eye pain and discomfort.
3. Cool compresses: Applying a cool, damp washcloth over closed eyes can help reduce swelling and soothe the eyes.
4. Avoiding bright lights: Protect your eyes from bright lights and sunlight to reduce discomfort.
5. Prescription eye drops: Your doctor may prescribe medicated eye drops to reduce inflammation and promote healing.
6. Bandage contact lenses: In some cases, a bandage contact lens may be placed on the eye to protect the cornea and promote healing.
7. Antibiotic eye drops: If there is a risk of infection, your doctor may prescribe antibiotic eye drops to prevent or treat an infection.
8. Follow-up care: It’s important to follow up with your eye care professional to monitor your recovery and ensure proper healing.

In most cases, corneal flash burns heal on their own within a few days, but it’s important to seek medical attention if you experience severe pain, vision changes, or symptoms that persist or worsen. Preventing future exposure to UV radiation is also important to avoid recurrence of corneal flash burns.