Buccal Mucosa Cancer (Inner Cheek Cancer): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What are the symptoms of buccal mucosa cancer?

Buccal mucosa cancer, also known as oral cavity cancer, can present with various symptoms, including:

1. Ulcers or sores: Persistent sores on the inside of the mouth that do not heal.
2. Red or white patches: Unusual patches on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth.
3. Swelling: Swelling or lumps in the mouth, neck, or jaw.
4. Pain: Pain in the mouth, ear, or neck that doesn’t go away.
5. Difficulty swallowing: Difficulty or pain when swallowing.
6. Loose teeth: Teeth may become loose without any apparent cause.
7. Change in voice: A hoarse voice or changes in the quality of the voice.
8. Bleeding: Unexplained bleeding in the mouth.
9. Numbness: Numbness or pain in any area of the face, mouth, or neck.
10. Weight loss: Unexplained weight loss.

It’s important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, but if they persist, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

What are the causes of buccal mucosa cancer?

The exact causes of buccal mucosa cancer are not always clear, but several factors can increase the risk of developing this type of cancer. These include:

1. Tobacco use: Smoking or using smokeless tobacco increases the risk of developing oral cancers, including buccal mucosa cancer.
2. Alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol use is a significant risk factor for oral cancers.
3. Betel quid: Chewing betel quid, a mixture of areca nut, tobacco, and slaked lime, is a known risk factor, especially in Southeast Asia.
4. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: Certain strains of HPV, particularly HPV-16, have been linked to oral cancers, including buccal mucosa cancer.
5. Poor oral hygiene: Chronic irritation and inflammation from poor oral hygiene or ill-fitting dentures may contribute to the development of oral cancers.
6. Dietary factors: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of oral cancers.
7. Genetic factors: Certain genetic syndromes, such as Fanconi anemia, are associated with an increased risk of oral cancers.
8. Sun exposure: Prolonged exposure of the lips to sunlight may increase the risk of lip cancer, which can extend to the buccal mucosa.

It’s important to note that having one or more risk factors does not mean you will develop buccal mucosa cancer, but it’s essential to be aware of these factors and take steps to reduce your risk, such as avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol consumption.

What is the treatment for buccal mucosa cancer?

Treatment for buccal mucosa cancer depends on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, its location, and the overall health of the patient. Common treatment options include:

1. Surgery: The primary treatment for buccal mucosa cancer is often surgical removal of the tumor. In some cases, this may involve removing part of the cheek or even the entire jawbone.
2. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with surgery, depending on the stage and location of the cancer.
3. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. It is often used in combination with surgery and/or radiation therapy for advanced cancers or when there is a high risk of the cancer spreading.
4. Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy uses drugs or other substances to target specific molecules involved in cancer growth. It is sometimes used for advanced buccal mucosa cancers that are not responding to other treatments.
5. Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy boosts the body’s immune system to help fight cancer. It is a newer treatment approach and may be used in certain cases of buccal mucosa cancer.
6. Supportive care: This may include pain management, nutritional support, and other therapies to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

The specific treatment plan will be determined by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare providers based on the individual patient’s case. It’s important for patients to discuss their treatment options and goals with their healthcare team to make informed decisions about their care.

How long can you live with mouth cancer?

The survival rate for mouth cancer, including buccal mucosa cancer, can vary widely depending on several factors, including the stage of the cancer at diagnosis, the specific location of the cancer, the overall health of the patient, and the treatment received. Generally, the earlier the cancer is diagnosed and treated, the better the outlook.

According to the American Cancer Society, the 5-year survival rate for all stages of oral cavity and pharynx cancers combined is approximately 66%. However, this is a general statistic and does not account for individual variations.

It’s important to note that survival rates are estimates and can vary widely from person to person. Some people may live much longer than 5 years after diagnosis, especially if the cancer is detected early and treated effectively. Others may have a more aggressive form of cancer that is harder to treat.

Regular screenings, early detection, and prompt treatment are key factors in improving the outlook for people with mouth cancer. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol consumption can help reduce the risk of developing mouth cancer.