Tartar: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What are the symptoms of tartar?

Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is a hardened form of plaque that forms on teeth when plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing. The symptoms associated with tartar buildup can include:

1. Visible Discoloration

• Yellow or Brown Stains: Tartar often appears as yellow or brown deposits on the teeth, particularly along the gumline and between teeth.

2. Bad Breath

• Persistent Odor: Tartar can contribute to bad breath (halitosis) due to the accumulation of bacteria and food particles.

3. Gum Irritation

• Swollen Gums: The presence of tartar can irritate the gums, leading to inflammation and swelling.
• Red or Bleeding Gums: Gums may become red, tender, or bleed, especially during brushing or flossing.

4. Gum Recession

• Receding Gums: Tartar buildup can contribute to gum recession, where the gums pull away from the teeth, exposing the roots.

5. Plaque Accumulation

• Increased Plaque: Tartar can lead to an increase in plaque buildup, making it more difficult to clean your teeth effectively.

6. Tooth Sensitivity

• Increased Sensitivity: As gums recede and expose the tooth roots, you may experience increased sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.

7. Tooth Mobility

• Loose Teeth: In advanced cases, tartar can contribute to the destruction of bone and supporting structures around the teeth, leading to loose or shifting teeth.

8. Calculus Bumps

• Rough Surfaces: Tartar can create rough surfaces on the teeth that may trap more plaque and bacteria, making oral hygiene more challenging.

Conclusion

Tartar buildup can lead to various dental issues if not addressed, including gum disease and tooth decay. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are essential for managing and preventing tartar accumulation. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing twice a day and flossing daily, can help reduce plaque buildup and minimize tartar formation. If you notice any symptoms or have concerns about tartar, it’s important to consult with a dentist for appropriate treatment and advice.

What are the causes of tartar?

Tartar, or dental calculus, forms when plaque, a soft and sticky film of bacteria, is not removed effectively through regular oral hygiene practices. The primary causes of tartar buildup include:

1. Inadequate Oral Hygiene

• Insufficient Brushing: Not brushing your teeth at least twice a day allows plaque to accumulate and harden into tartar.
• Irregular Flossing: Failing to floss daily can leave plaque between teeth and along the gumline, where it can turn into tartar.

2. Plaque Formation

• Plaque Accumulation: Plaque forms on teeth from food particles and bacteria. If plaque is not removed, it can harden into tartar within 24 to 72 hours.

3. Diet

• Sugary and Starchy Foods: Consuming foods and drinks high in sugars and starches can increase plaque formation, which can lead to tartar buildup.
• Frequent Snacking: Frequent consumption of snacks or sugary drinks can promote plaque formation.

4. Smoking and Tobacco Use

• Tobacco Products: Smoking or using tobacco products can contribute to tartar buildup and make it more difficult to remove due to the increased likelihood of plaque formation and decreased oral health.

5. Saliva Composition

• Salivary Gland Issues: Some individuals may have a higher propensity for tartar formation due to the composition of their saliva, which can affect plaque buildup.

6. Poor Dental Appliances Care

• Improper Cleaning of Appliances: Failure to clean dental appliances such as braces, dentures, or retainers properly can lead to plaque buildup and tartar formation.

7. Dry Mouth

• Reduced Saliva Flow: Conditions that reduce saliva flow (xerostomia) can increase the risk of plaque and tartar formation because saliva helps wash away food particles and bacteria.

8. Genetic Factors

• Genetic Predisposition: Some individuals may be more prone to tartar buildup due to genetic factors that affect plaque formation and oral health.

9. Medical Conditions

• Certain Health Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes and hormonal changes (e.g., pregnancy) can impact oral health and contribute to tartar buildup.

Conclusion

Tartar formation is primarily caused by inadequate oral hygiene, leading to the accumulation of plaque that hardens over time. To prevent tartar buildup, it is important to maintain good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings. Additionally, addressing dietary habits, quitting smoking, and managing any underlying health conditions can help reduce the risk of tartar formation. Regular visits to the dentist for check-ups and cleanings are essential for maintaining oral health and preventing tartar buildup.

What is the treatment for tartar?

The treatment for tartar primarily involves professional dental cleaning and adopting good oral hygiene practices to prevent future buildup. Here’s a comprehensive approach to managing and treating tartar:

1. Professional Dental Cleaning

• Scaling: A dentist or dental hygienist uses special instruments to remove tartar from the teeth and below the gumline. This process is known as scaling and is typically performed during a professional dental cleaning.
• Root Planing: In cases where tartar has caused gum disease, a procedure called root planing may be performed. This involves smoothing the tooth roots to help the gums reattach and reduce inflammation.

2. Improved Oral Hygiene

• Brushing:
  • Twice Daily: Brush your teeth at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste to remove plaque and prevent tartar formation.
  • Proper Technique: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush for at least two minutes, ensuring you cover all surfaces of your teeth.
• Flossing:
  • Daily Flossing: Floss daily to clean between your teeth and remove plaque that a toothbrush may miss.
  • Proper Flossing Technique: Use proper flossing techniques to avoid damaging the gums.

3. Use of Antimicrobial Products

• Mouthwash: Use an antimicrobial mouthwash to help reduce plaque buildup and kill bacteria that contribute to tartar formation.
• Anti-Plaque Toothpaste: Consider using toothpaste designed to reduce plaque and tartar.

4. Dietary Changes

• Healthy Diet: Reduce consumption of sugary and starchy foods that can contribute to plaque formation. Focus on a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and water.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water to help wash away food particles and bacteria.

5. Regular Dental Check-Ups

• Routine Visits: Schedule regular dental check-ups every six to twelve months for professional cleanings and to monitor your oral health.
• Early Intervention: Early detection of plaque and tartar buildup allows for timely intervention and treatment.

6. Avoid Tobacco Products

• Quit Smoking: If you smoke or use tobacco products, quitting can improve your oral health and reduce tartar buildup.

Conclusion

Effective treatment for tartar involves a combination of professional dental care and good oral hygiene practices. Professional cleanings by a dentist or dental hygienist are essential for removing existing tartar, while daily brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups help prevent future buildup. Adopting a healthy lifestyle and avoiding tobacco can further support your oral health. If you have concerns about tartar or your oral health, consult with your dentist for personalized advice and treatment.